Setting up Syncthing to share files on Linux

Syncthing is a file sharing application that lets you easily, and securely, share files between computers without having to store them on a third party server. It is most analogous to BitTorrent Sync (BTS) but whereas BTS is somewhat undocumented and closed source, Syncthing is open source and uses an open protocol that can be independently verified.

This is going to be a basic guide to configure Syncthing to sync a folder between multiple computers. I’m also going to configure these to start automatically when the system starts up and run Syncthing in the background so it doesn’t get in your way if you don’t want to see it.

Download and Install

While it may be possible to get Syncthing from your distribution’s repositories I prefer to grab it right from the source. So for example you can grab the appropriate version for your Linux computer (for example the 64 bit syncthing-linux-amd64-v0.12.19.tar.gz download) right from their website.

Extract the contents to a new folder in your home directory (or a directory wherever you want it to live). One important thing to note is that you want whatever user will be running the program, for example your user account, to have write access to that folder so that Syncthing can auto-update itself. For example you could extract the files to ~/syncthing/ to make things easy.

To start Syncthing all you need to do is execute the syncthing binary in that directory. If you want to configure syncthing to start without also starting up the browser you can simply run it using the -no-browser flag or by changing this behaviour in the settings.

If you are on Debian, Ubuntu or derivatives (such as Linux Mint) there is also an official repository you can add. The steps can be found here but I’ve re-listed them below for completeness sake:

# Add the release PGP keys:
curl -s https://syncthing.net/release-key.txt | sudo apt-key add -

# Add the "release" channel to your APT sources:
echo "deb http://apt.syncthing.net/ syncthing release" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/syncthing.list

# Update and install syncthing:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install syncthing

This will install syncthing to /usr/bin/syncthing. In order to specify a configuration location you can pass the -home flag which would look something like this:

./usr/bin/syncthing -home="/home/{YOUR USER ACCOUNT}/.config/syncthing"

So to set up syncthing to start automatically without the browser using the specified configuration you would simply add this to your list of startup applications:

/usr/bin/syncthing -no-browser -home="/home/{YOUR USER ACCOUNT}/.config/syncthing"

There are plenty of ways to configure Syncthing to startup automatically but the one described above is a pretty universal method. If you would rather integrate it with your system using runit/systemd/upstart just take a look at the etc folder in the tar.gz.

Here is an example of my Linux Mint configuration in the Startup Applications control panel using the command listed above:

Configure Syncthing

Once Syncthing is running you should be able to browse to it’s interface by going to http://localhost:8080. From this point forward I’m going to assume you want to sync between two computers which I will refer to as Computer 1 and Computer 2.

First let’s start by letting Computer 1 know about Computer 2 and vice versa.

1. On Computer 1 click Actions > Show ID. Copy the long device identification text (it will look like a series of XXXXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXXXXX-…).
2. On Computer 2 click Add Device and enter the copied Device ID and give it a Device Name.
3. Back on Computer 1 you may notice a New Device notification which will allow you to easily add Computer 2 there as well. If you do not see this notification simply follow the steps above but in reverse, copying Computer 2’s device ID to Computer 1.

In order to share a folder you need to start by adding it to the Syncthing on one of the two computers. To make it simple I will do this on Computer 1. Click Add Folder and you will see a popup asking for a bunch of information. The important ones are:

• Folder ID: This is the name or label of the shared folder. It must be the same on all computers taking part in the share.
• Folder Path: This is where you want it to store the files on the local computer. For example on Computer 1 I might wan this to be ~/Sync/MyShare but on Computer 2 it could be /syncthing/shares/stuff.
• Share With Devices: These are the computers you want to share this folder with.

So for example let’s say I want to share a folder called “CoolThings” and I wanted it to live in ~/Sync/CoolThings on Computer 1. Filling in this information would look like this:

Finally to share it with Computer 2 I would check Computer 2 under the Share With Devices section.

Once done you should see a new notification on Computer 2 asking if you want to add the newly shared folder there as well.

Once done the folder should be shared and anything you put into the folder on either computer will be automatically synchronized on the other.

If you would like to add a third or fourth computer just follow the steps above again. Pretty easy no?

This post originally appeared on my website here.